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MJQR Vol 11(2), November 2025 < Back MJQR Vol 11(2), November 2025 In this Issue Culture Shock Recalibration: An Autoethnographic Analysis of Afro-Asian Experience in a Digitally Mediated Environment Abubakar Ahmed Pg 141 – 151 DOI: https://doi.org/10.61211/mjqr110201 My Life at Malaysian Public University: Satisfaction and Challenges of International Learners Zaiton Osman, Phang Ing @ Grace, Izyanti Awang Razli Pg 152 – 162 DOI: https://doi.org/10.61211/mjqr110202 Learning Through Experience: Exploring Malaysian Teachers’ Learning Cycle of English Language Classroom-based Assessment Malini Devi Paramesvaran, Lim Jia Wei, Madhyazhagan Ganesan Pg 163 - 176 DOI: https://doi.org/10.61211/mjqr110203 The Perils and Pitfalls of Artificial Intelligence in Qualitative Interviews Norzaris Bin Abdul, Balvinder Kaur Kler, Siao Fui Wong Pg. 177 - 188 DOI: https://doi.org/10.61211/mjqr110204 AI and Human Collaboration in Welcome Hotels by ITC: A Case Study on Achieving Industry 5.0 for Resilience and Sustainability Pritilata Acharya, Smita S. Mahapatra Pg. 189 - 202 DOI: https://doi.org/10.61211/mjqr110205 The Impact of Health Crisis on Nurses’ Lives: A Qualitative Exploration Using Van Manen’s Lifeworld Chen Ai Ling Pg. 203 - 217 DOI: https://doi.org/10.61211/mjqr110206 A Framework for Community-Based Adaptation to Floods in Semi-Arid Regions: Lessons from Ringim, Jigawa State Musa Mustapha Danraka, Sapura Bt Mohamad, Siti Nur Hannah Binti Ismail Pg. 218 - 236 DOI: https://doi.org/10.61211/mjqr110207 Empowering Choices: A Review of Family Planning and Contraceptives Nor’ain A. Rashid, Jezreen Syaza Muhammad Rafi Ravi, Hamidah Othman, Nurul Akma Jamil, Auwalu Muhammed Pg. 237 - 265 DOI: https://doi.org/10.61211/mjqr110208 Factors Influencing the Sustainability of Service Learning (SULAM) Projects: Insights from Malaysian University Lecturers Sharipah Ruzaina Syed Aris, Rafeah Wahi2, Zulinda Ayu Zulkipli, Ani Mazlina Dewi Mohamed, Rosna Awang Hashim, Elianawati Pg. 266 - 293 DOI: https://doi.org/10.61211/mjqr110209 Harmonising Face-to-face and Online Instruction in Hybrid Learning Ng Soo Boon, Gurnam Kaur Sidhu, Florence Kuek, Anna Phang Wai Leng Pg. 294 - 306 DOI: https://doi.org/10.61211/mjqr110210 Previous Next

MJQR Special Issue 2021 < Back MJQR Special Issue December 2021 It is with great pleasure to welcome you to MJQR special issue 2021. This special issue is a compilation of abstracts of papers presented from the 10th International Qualitative Research Conference 2021 with the theme: “Humanness & Technology for Qualitative Research: New Approaches in New Times” held virtually from 20th to 23rd October 2021 by the Qualitative Research Association of Malaysia (QRAM). The response was overwhelming, and a large number of requests to present and participate were received from both academia and industry, from which the Scientific Committee selected 51 papers. These were presented over a two-day period in October 2021. Table of Contents: USING ATLAS.ti WEB FOR COLLABORATING QUALITATIVE REFLECTIONS OF CONDUCTING ONLINE INTERVIEWS: BENEFITS, CHALLENGES, AND PRACTICAL SOLUTIONS Ani Munirah Mohamad, Yusmarizza Md Isa @ Yusuff, Ahmad Shamsul Abd Aziz, Nor Azlina Mohd Nor pg 11 REFLECTIONS OF CONDUCTING ONLINE INTERVIEWS: BENEFITS, CHALLENGES, AND PRACTICAL SOLUTIONS Azrina Ely Ahmad Azhari, Jim Chai, Claire Anderson pg 12 THE ETHNIC MISMATCH IN MENTOR-MENTEE PAIRING AND ITS IMPACT ON THEIR ENGAGEMENT: A QUALITATIVE STUDY Bharathi Sengodan, P.K. Rajesh, Remya Vallathol, Parthiban Govindarajoo pg 13 EXAMINING POST-PANDEMIC BEHAVIOURAL CHANGE IN MANAGING TEAM AGILITY: A STUDY OF LEADERS IN MULTI-NATIONAL CORPORATIONS IN MALAYSIA Cheah U-Meng & Dewi A. Sapuan pg 14 DOUBLE-TRACKING IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH: CONFRONTING AND THEORIZING DATA COLLECTION CHALLENGES IN LITERACY AND LANGUAGE EDUCATION IN NEW TIMES Chong Su Li, Raihana Abu Hasan, Le Ha Van pg 15 DEVELOPING A FENGSHUI- BASED STRATEGIC DECISION-MAKING A MODEL FOR MALAYSIA'S PROPERTY INDUSTRY Chua Caik Leng pg 16 USING ONLINE FOCUS GROUP INTERVIEWS VIA WHATSAPP TO IDENTIFY LITERACY NEEDS AND RELIGIOUS COPING OF REFUGEES Dini Farhana Baharudin, Hazlina Abdullah, Suraini Mohd. Ali pg 17 THE PERKS AND DRAWBACKS OF E-MAIL INTERVIEW Faizah Mohd Fakhruddin & Fadilah Zaini pg 18 USING REFLECTIVE-CASE-BASED LEARNING TO EXPLORE PERSONAL SELF Hadijah Jaffri pg 19 A STUDY OF RESEARCHER’S LEARNING EXPERIENCE IN CONDUCTING QUALITATIVE INQUIRY OF ADOLESCENTS WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS ON THEIR SOCIAL EXPERIENCE IN MAINSTREAM CLASSROOM: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES Hasrul Hosshan pg 20-21 CHALLENGES AND FACILITATORS OF DIETARY DIABETES PREVENTION INTERVENTION FOR MALAYSIAN WOMEN WITH GESTATIONAL DIABETES: A QUALITATIVE STUDY Irmi Zarina Ismail, Nur Hafizah Mohamad Sobri, Madeleine Benton, Anisah Baharom, Faezah Hassan, Angus Forbes, Siew Mooi Ching, Hanifatiyah Ali, Kimberly Goldsmith, Helen Murphy, Nicola Guess, Barakatun Nisak Mohd Yusof, Nurul Iftida Basri, Mazatulfazura Sf Salim, Iklil Iman Mohd Sa’id, Boon How Chew, Khalida Ismail and Iliatha Papachristou Nadal On behalf of the MYGODDESS Project Team pg 22-23 FACTORS INFLUENCING THE RISE OF ONLINE NEWSPAPERS IN NORTHWESTERN NIGERIA Isyaku Hassan, Usman Ibrahim Abubakar, Qaribu Yahaya Nasidi, Mohd Nazri Latiff Azmi, Abubakar Shehu pg 24 A STUDY ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TRAINING NEEDS ANALYSIS (TNA) IN SELECTED MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN JOHOR BAHRU DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC Jayakumar s/o Raj, Balakrishnan Muniapan pg 25 WATCHING OUT FOR BLIND SPOTS: TOWARDS A BALANCED CONCEPTION OF SPIRITUAL WELL-BEING IN MANAGEMENT RESEARCH AND PRACTICE Jeffrey Yee Khong Loong pg 26 AN INVESTIGATIVE OF PERSONAL FITNESS TRAINERS’ TRAINING STRATEGIES IN PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTING FITNESS PROGRAMMING Jesslyn Oi-Bozeman pg 27 THE GROUNDED THEORY APPROACH: EXPERIENCE FROM A COVID-19 STUDY Kalvina Chelladorai, Low Lee Lan, Nurul Iman Jamalul-lail, Tan Yui Ping, Tong Seng Fah pg 28 AN ANALYSIS OF THE EXISTING CHALLENGES IN THE INDIAN NEWS MEDIA-MILITARY RELATIONSHIP FROM INDIAN NEWS MEDIA PERSPECTIVE: A GROUNDED THEORY STUDY Kriti Singh pg 29 BUSINESS MODEL TRANSFORMATION DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A CASE OF ELECTRICAL APPLIANCE DEALERS Kua Ee Ven, Dewi A. Sapuan pg 30 A POST-PANDEMIC PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY OF MANAGER’S RESPONSE TO PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY Leong Yee Nam, Kap, Dewi A. Sapuan pg 31 INDUCTIVE CONTENT ANALYSIS ON THE LIVE REEF FOOD FISH TRADE (LRFFT) IN TUN MUSTAPHA PARK (TMP), SABAH: KEY STAKEHOLDERS INTERACTIONS AND TRADE OPERATIONS Mithoo-Singh P.K., Manjaji-Matsumoto B.M., Sulehan J. pg 32 STUDENTS’ VIEW ON STEM LESSONS: ANALYZING THE NEEDS TO DESIGN INTEGRATED STEM INSTRUCTIONAL PRACTICES THROUGH SCIENTIST-TEACHER-STUDENTS PARTNERSHIP (STSP) Mohamad Hisyam Ismail, Hidayah Mohd Fadzil, Rohaida Mohd Saat, Muhamad Furkan Mat Salleh pg 33 THE MOVEMENT OF TRADITIONAL MALAY KUIH IN MERSING TOWARDS VIABILITY OF MALAYSIA’S HERITAGE FOOD: A PILOT STUDY Mohd Yusof Kamaruzaman, Shahrim Ab Karim, Farah Adibah Che Ishak, Mohd Mursyid Ashad pg 34 THEMATIC ANALYSIS USING EXCEL FOR ANALYSING ETHICAL AND SOCIAL ISSUES IN SOCIAL MEDIA Muhammad Fadzrin Othman, Maslin Masrom, Nik Hasnaa Nik Mahmood, Hasniza Yahya, Wan Normeza Wan Zakaria, Juliana Jaafar, Nor Raihana Mohd Ali, Aslinda Hassan pg 35 “IT IS NOT EASY TO BE A HOUSEWIFE, MOTHER, STUDENT AND TEACHER AT THE SAME TIME”: STORIES OF STRUGGLES AMONG MALAYSIAN FEMALE TEACHERS AS POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC Narina A. Samah pg 36 A STUDY ON LIVED CHANGES EXPERIENCES AMONG TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY (TBI) SURVIVORS IN MALAYSIA Nor’ain Abdul Rashid, Lee Khuan, Anisah Baharom, Mohd Mursyid Arshad pg 37 UNIVERSITY WEBSITES: THE WINDOW INTO THE FUTURE SOJOURN FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS Noor Saazai Mat Saad, Sarifah Nurhanum Syed Sahuri, Raudhah Nurdin Muhammad pg 38 EXPLORING THE DEVELOPMENT OF A CLOTHING PROTOTYPE TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG WOMEN AFFECTED BY BREAST CANCER Norazean Miswat pg 39 WHAT ARE MALAYSIAN ORAL CANCER PATIENTS’ HEALTH-SEEKING BEHAVIOUR THAT RESULTS IN DELAYED PRESENTATION AT CLINICS? Nurizyani Azhar, Jennifer Geraldine Doss pg 40 THE EXPERIENCE OF DONOR AND RECIPIENT MOTHERS IN MILK SHARING VIA LOCAL BREASTFEEDING AND BREASTMILK DONATION COMMUNITIES ON FACEBOOK Nurul Akma Jamil, Lee Khuan, Cheong Ai Theng, Siti Mariam Muda pg 41 USING META-SYNTHESIS IN A NARRATIVE REVIEW: LESSONS AND REFLECTIONS Nur Faraheen Abdul Rahman, Nathan Davies, Sophie Park pg 42 EXPLORING THE CHALLENGES, FACILITATORS, AND NEEDS OF DIETICIANS IN DELIVERING DIABETES PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS TO WOMEN WITH GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS ON MALAYSIAN HEALTHCARE Nur Hafizah Mahamad Sobri, Irmi Zarina Ismail, Iliatha Papachristou Nadal, Angus Forbes, Nicola Guess, Barakatun Nisak Mohd Yusof Choiriyatul Azmiyaty, Iklil Iman Mohd Sa’id, Boon How Chew, Khalida Ismail On behalf of the MY GODDESS Project Team pg 43-44 PUBLIC PERCEPTION ON HEALTH SYSTEMS’ RESPONSE TOWARDS THE EARLY PHASE COVID-19 Nur Zahirah Balqis-Ali, Munirah Ismail, Rui Ji Ng, Faeiz Syezri Adzmin Jaaffar, Fun Weng Hong, Lee Lan Low pg 45 EXPLORING THE ACCEPTANCE OF ONLINE LEARNING BY UNIVERSITY UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS Nyankson Christabel Kukuwa, Kalei Joethi Sahadevan, Joanna Claire Miranda pg 46 A QUALITATIVE BEHAVIORAL STUDY EXPLORING USER ADOPTION OF SECURITY MEASURES IN MALAYSIA FOR MOBILE DEVICES Prasad Krishnapillai, Dewi A. Sapuan pg 47 POTENTIAL TECHNOLOGY-SUPPORTED STRATEGIES TO INCREASE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN ADOLESCENTS WITH OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY: A QUALITATIVE STUDY USING THE THEORETICAL DOMAINS FRAMEWORK AND COM-B MODEL Puteri Shanaz Jahn Kassim, Noor Azimah Muhammad, Cecilia A. Essau, Sherina Mohd Sidik, Shamsul Azhar Shah pg 48-49 INTEGRATING CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) WITH HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (HRM) PRACTICES: A PROPOSED FRAMEWORK FOR SMALL-MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SMEs) IN MALAYSIA Salasiah Maerat, Siti Sarah Omar, and Mohd Asmadi Mohd Angsor pg 50 INQUIRY-BASED TEACHING OF FRACTIONS AMONG PRIMARY MATHEMATICS SCHOOL TEACHERS Salmiah Md Salleh, Suzieleez Syreen Abdul Rahim pg 51 RECIPES AS TOOLS OF DOCUMENT ANALYSIS TO COMPREHEND THE CHARACTERISTICS OF TRADITIONAL FOOD S Ibrahim, Ab. Karim, M.S., SE, Krauss., R Karim pg 52 AFTER BREAST CANCER TREATMENT: WOMEN’S PERSPECTIVE ON THEIR INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIP Shveta a/p Jayaraman pg 53 AN EXPLORATION OF THE EXPERIENCES OF FIRST-BIRTH WOMEN IN EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING: A QUALITATIVE STUDY Sirajo Mohammed, Lee Khuan, Irmi Zarina Binti Ismail, Ruth Packiavathy Rajen Durai, Saleh Ngaski Garba pg 54 TEACHERS’ BELIEFS TOWARDS TEACHING KINEMATICS OF LINEAR MOTION Siti Alifah Syed Jalal, Suzieleez Syrene Abdul Rahim pg 55 POSITIVITY DURING THE GLOBAL PANDEMIC AMONG MALAYSIANS COVID-19 FRONTLINERS: A PILOT STUDY Syasyila, K., Lim L. Gin, & Zhooriyati, S. M. pg 56 EXPLORING THE CHALLENGES IN ROUTINE HEALTHCARE DATA COLLECTION IN PRIMARY CARE SETTINGS: ORAL HEALTHCARE PERSONNEL Syirahaniza Mohd Salleh, Mohd Zulkarnain Sinor, Mohd Zarawi Mat Nor, Badariah Tambi Chek pg 57 HOW DO PARENTS INTERACT WITH INFORMATION RELATED TO THEIR CHILD’S CANCER: A QUALITATIVE STUDY Tan Chai-Eng, Doris Lau Sie Chong, Zarina Abdul Latiff, The Kok Hoi, Lee Chee Chan, Sherina Mohd Sidik pg 58 AN EXPLORATORY STUDY ON WORKPLACE INCLUSION STRATEGY FOR THE UNTAPPED LABOUR POOL OF EX-OFFENDERS Teh Beng Soo, Dewi A. Sapuan pg 59 ARE THEY TELLING THE TRUTH? COGNITIVE DISSONANCE IN IN-DEPTH INTERVIEW OF A MULTIPLE-CASE STUDY Wan Safuraa Wan Osman, Fatiha Senom, Shanina Sharatol Ahmad Shah pg 60 USE OF HUMOUR AS A COPING STRATEGY IN THE WORKPLACE DURING A PANDEMIC: A MALAYSIAN CONTEXT Wong Seow Chee, Dewi A. Sapuan pg 61 STRATEGIC FORESIGHT FOR MICRO-ENTREPRENEURSHIP GROWTH: A STUDY ON EMPOWERING MARGINALISED WOMEN IN PENANG Yusnidar Abd. Rahman, Dewi A. Sapuan pg 62 MUSLIM PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE: A PRELIMINARY STUDY Yuzana Binti Mohd Yusop, Zakirah Binti Ahmad Nawi, Harmy Mohamed Yusoff pg 63 THE EXPECTATIONS AND ACCEPTABILITY OF A SMART NURSING HOME MODEL AMONG CHINESE OLDER PEOPLE AND THEIR FAMILY MEMBERS: A QUALITATIVE STUDY Zhao Yuanyuan, Fakhrul Zaman Rokhani, Shariff-Ghazali Sazlina, Jing Su, Chew Boon How pg 64-65 DEFINING THE CONCEPT OF A SMART NURSING HOME AND ITS POTENTIAL TECHNOLOGY UTILITIES THAT INTEGRATE MEDICAL SERVICES AND ARE ACCEPTABLE TO STAKEHOLDERS: A SCOPING REVIEW Zhao Yuanyuan, Fakhrul Zaman Rokhani, Shariff-Ghazali Sazlina, Navin Kumar, Devaraj, Jing Su, Chew Boon How pg 66-67 Previous Next

MJQR Vol 11(1), May 2025 < Back MJQR Vol 11(1), May 2025 Table of Contents: In this Issue A Scoping Review of Spiritual Care: Insights from the Christian Family in Palliative Settings Mohamad Firdaus Mohamad Ismail, Nur Fatieha Najwa Binti Sazali, Siti Zuhaidah Shahadan Pg 3 – 18 DOI: https://doi.org/10.61211/mjqr110101 Rantau & Rindu: Insights into the Lived Experiences of Penang People Wong Teik Aun, Mohammad Reevany Bin Bustami Pg 19 – 30 DOI: https://doi.org/10.61211/mjqr110102 Navigating Through Work Post-Pandemic - Experiences of Middle-Income Employees in Malaysia Alvi Khan, Risky Harisa Haslan, Hazel Melanie Ramos Pg 31 – 42 DOI: https://doi.org/10.61211/mjqr110103 Needs Analysis of Professional Writing in the 21st Century Among Malaysian Tertiary Students Raganeswari Ramasamy, Hooi Chee Mei Pg 43 - 52 DOI: https://doi.org/10.61211/mjqr110104 Through Malaysian Eyes: A Qualitative Study of Local Perspectives on Expatriate Adjustment in Malaysia Zachary Dorroh, Jamie N. Sanchez Pg 53 – 64 DOI: https://doi.org/10.61211/mjqr110105 Understanding Gig Work in Paving Towards Gig Economy Sustainability: Insights from Platform-Based Companies Low Mei Peng, Brian Wong Kee Mun Pg 65 - 78 DOI: https://doi.org/10.61211/mjqr110106 A Qualitative Study on External Resources and Post-Traumatic Growth in the Lived Experiences of Emerging Adults with Childhood Trauma in Klang Valley, Malaysia Fathima Asma Bahardeen, Low Yaw Dong, Serena In Pg 79 - 95 DOI: https://doi.org/10.61211/mjqr110107 Navigating Hybrid Work in Malaysia: Cultural Adaptation and Technological Mediation Jens Thoemmes, Li Liu Pg 96 – 111 DOI: https://doi.org/10.61211/mjqr110108 A Systematic Review on Exploring the Need for Spiritual Care in the Perioperative Phase among Patients Nor’ain Abdul Rashid Pg 112 - 127 DOI: https://doi.org/10.61211/mjqr110109 Impacts of Coastal Land Reclamation and Sand Mining Activities: Perspectives from Coastal Fishing Communities and Ecotourism Providers Yue Fen Hoe, Azreen Rozainee Abdullah Pg 128 - 140 DOI: https://doi.org/10.61211/mjqr110110 Previous Next

MJQR Vol 4_2017 < Back MJQR VOL. 4, 2017 Preface Qualitative research faces new opportunities in an increasingly complex and multi–dimensional social world where the particularly qualitative strengths of understanding context, diversity, nuance and process might potentially be very highly valued. It continues to represent a broad and pervasive set of challenges to more fixed ways of perceiving and understanding that world. It cannot be done by rote or by recipe. It requires a highly active engagement from its practitioners, and a great deal of effort – mind, body and soul. However, it faces challenges to assemble and maintain its reputation and to compete for resources in multiple new environments where the idea of ‘evidence’ about the social world is very definitely flavour of the month. In light of these contemporary theoretical debates about the state of qualitative research, which are at the same time fascinating but often abstract and inaccessible, this volume presents four papers which will be useful to those who want to get on with the job of doing qualitative research in a theoretically cognizant way, and who will be keen to champion the qualitative cause with confidence and energy. The goals of these articles are (a) to bolster this growing interest and (b) to inspire readers to learn more about these qualitative methods. The skills for understanding the human experience are found in the pages of the first three papers. While an internship for a non-healthcare position is highly recommended, clinical experience for nurses is compulsory by virtue of it being a practice-based profession whereby clinical practice is an essential part of the nursing curriculum. However, the place of clinical experience in the development of nurses has not been well understood, although the nursing discourse continues to value clinical experience highly. Using a qualitative approach, Ms Lily’s study to assess the nursing students’ experiences of their clinical practice was able to consider a more expansive understanding of the place of clinical experience in nursing and the relevance of this perspective for the education of nurses. It is clear that all the themes elicited play an important role in student learning and nursing education in general. Other than having professionals, people experiencing non-life-threatening illness or injury also depend on timely and efficient care. Time is an important factor in pre-hospital care and the length of time it takes to reach professional care, has a significant impact on patient outcomes. The second paper by Said explored the response time phenomenon from the perspective of health care provision and health care administrative who directly provide or are involved in the pre-hospital EMS care. The qualitative approach adopted captures and imparts insiders’ perspective by focusing on the practices that they experience, and provided a rich and genuine explanation of the phenomenon. Consequently, the rich information obtained from this naturalistic approach is considered as valuable information for the development of knowledge directly.well trained health care. “What are the beliefs and personal values embedded in the Malay chefs in preparing traditional Malay foods at hotels?” was the research question proposed in the paper by Shahrim. One of the aspects of culture that is most important is food. Nearly every culture has its own food and its own customs associated with the food preparation. Shahrim explored the knowledge and practices of Malay professional chefs with regard to traditional cooking and how this knowledge could be passed on to the younger generation of Malay chefs. The findings showed that the techniques of cooking traditional Malay food have been tainted with modern culinary techniques, due to a lack of exposure and knowledge in traditional Malay cuisine. From the three papers we can see that qualitative researching is a highly rewarding activity because it engages us with things that matter, in ways that matter. Through qualitative research, we can explore a wide array of dimensions of the social world, including the texture and weave of everyday life, the understandings, experiences and imaginings of our research participants, the ways that social processes or relationships work, and the significance of the meanings that they generate. This extraordinary set of strengths is sometimes forgotten in the face of criticisms that qualitative research is ‘merely’ anecdotal, and that it is practised in unscientific and unsystematic ways. While any piece of research – qualitative or quantitative – may be criticized for its shortcomings, the idea that qualitative research necessarily has these inherent weaknesses is based on a misunderstanding of the logic of qualitative enquiry. The challenges for those involved or contemplating undertaking qualitative research are not only to be aware of the criticisms typically made, but they should also be cognisant of the provisions which can be made to address matters such as credibility, transferability, dependability and confirmability. Prospective researchers can then assess the extent to which they are able to apply these generic strategies to their particular investigation. The final paper entitled Rigour in Qualitative Research: Is there a panacea to it? by Ahmed and Mohammad argued that a widespread use of a different standard for judging the quality of qualitative research consequential to its philosophical stance is the panacea for the unfair criticisms in the future. The quality of qualitative research rigour has to be redefined in order to reflect the multiple ways of establishing truth. I want to echo Willig (2008) by pointing out that “research methods are not recipes but ways of approaching questions, and the value of our research depends on the skill with which we manage to match our methods to our questions in the pursuit of knowledge and understanding” (Willig, 2008, pg 36). As in prior years, I would like to thank the Editorial Board and all the reviewers for the dedication and the hard work you all provided to the qualitative research community via MJQR. Your dedicated service and outstanding support are mirrored in the achievements and continuous success of MJQR. We are honoured to have you on our review board and for the valuable feedback and contributions you provided to authors. MJQR continues to welcome quality submissions on qualitative research related studies in all fields of research including (but certainly not limited to) arts, business, computer science, criminal justice, education, engineering, health, humanities, information technology, information systems, law, medicine, management, nursing, oceanography, psychology, sciences, accountancy and social studies. Book reviews on relevant issues related to qualitative research are also welcome. We hope you will enjoy the articles found in this year’s volume. Khatijah Lim Abdullah CHIEF EDITOR 2017 Willig, C. (2008). Introducing qualitative research in psychology: Adventures in theory and method (2nd edition ed.). Berkshire, UK: Open University Press. Table of Contents: Preface, Vol 4, 2017-150419 Editorial Board & Preface VOL 4 Pg 01 - 05 Undergraduate Nursing Students’ Experiences of Their Clinical Practice Lily Lim, Zabidah Putit, Chang Ching Thon Pg 06 -16 Pre-Hospital Emergency Medical Service Response Time Phenomenon In Klang Valley: An Answer For The Society Mohd Said Nurumal Pg 17 - 32 Sustaining The Authentic Malay Cuisine: A Qualitative Inquiry on The Practices of Malay Professional Chefs at Hotels in The Klang Valley Nurul Asikin Ismail, Mohhidin Othman, M. Shahrim Ab Karim Pg 33 - 52 Challenges and Strengths in Conducting a Qualitative Analysis Nurul Hidayah Zulkipli, Suria Baba Pg 53 - 59 Rigour in Qualitative Research: Is there a Panacea to it? Murtala Muhammad, Murtala Muhammad Pg 60 -68 Information for Contributors Pg 69 - 71 Subscription & Membership Form Pg 73 - 75 Previous Next

MJQR Vol_2007 < Back MJQR, VOL. 1, 2007 Preface We are proud to publish our first issue of the Malaysian Journal of Qualitative Research (MJQR). We would like to thank all who have contributed to the publication of this first issue - especially our reviewers and contributors. The focus of this first issue is to share some insights and experiences of professionals and practitioners on two pertinent issues in qualitative research: the value of qualitative research and the ethics involved. In relation to that, a book review on the experiences of local researchers in the application of the qualitative research methodology is provided to give the Malaysian perspective. The first article, "Whose Data Is It Anyway? Ethics in Qualitative Research", discusses a critical and pertinent issue of ethics in data collection and ownership. Helen Simons proposes that co-ownership of data between the researcher and subject be considered. The second article, "Qualitative Research Endeavour: Negotiation Access and Ethical Dilemmas" by Mohd. Hasani Dali and Mohd Rosli Abdul Rahman shares the various ethical issues experienced in their fieldwork and the impact these issues had on their research design. In the third article, "An approach to phenomenological analysis of data," Khatijah Lim Abdullah discusses the application of van Manen's (1990 ) six research activities as a framework for her research approach and the rationale for using the heidegerrian-gadamerian phenomenological approach. The fourth article, "Quality in Qualitative Research and Reporting: A Consideration of Practitioner Research" by John Loughran, outlines the criteria of quality in qualitative research using teacher research as a case in point. He discusses the relevance of qualitative research in education and the different world views of research that shape the kind of resultant knowledge it presents to its audience. In the final article, "Using Software to Analyse Qualitative Data," Michael Jones explains the advantages of using NVivoTM, a software developed by QSR International Pry Ltd. (2002) to ease the analysis of qualitative data. We hope that these articles and the book review will provide you with an insight into qualitative research, its practices and outcomes. More importantly, we hope that MJQR is able to provide the platform for sharing and discussing qualitative research. The Editorial Board January 2007 Table of Contents: Download Full Journal Whose Data is it Anyway? Ethics in Qualitative Research Pg 6-18 Helen Simons Qualitative Research Endeavour: Negotiation Access and Ethical Dilemmas Pg 19-32 Mohd Hasani Dali, Mohd Rosli Abdul Rahman An Approach to Phenomenological Analysis of Data Pg 33-46 Khatijah Lim Quality in Qualitative Research and Reporting: A Consideration of Practitioner Research Pg 47-63 John Loughran Using Software to Analyse Qualitative Data Pg 64-77 Michael Jones Penyelidikan Kualitatif: Pengalaman Kerja Lapangan Kajian (Qualitative Research: Fieldwork Experiences) Marohaini Yusoff, Jayati Ray Previous Next

MJQR Vol 2_2009 < Back MJQR VOL. 2, 2009 Preface The 5th International Qualitative Research Convention has been successfully held from 7th to 9th December 2009. The Convention was successful in bringing four experts from the United States. United Kingdom and Australia who shared many current issues in qualitative research. On that note, this second issue is happy to record and share the papers presented by there keynote speakers. We often come across final reports that merely skim the research surface that does not describe the experiences gained during the field studies. Often times too does the researcher not only use techniques that do not fir the rigor of qualitative research, the researcher himself failing to interpret the research well. Pat Bazely introduces strategies to enrich the analysis of qualitative data. The second article is, Honouring Context and Complexity in Mixed Methods Social Inquiry. The use of mixed methods is often seen as a middle path that a research will take to avoid criticism linked to 'incomplete field of study'. As such this method has become more popular with researchers. This then raises issues linked to the quality of the data coming from what is considered a 'quick fix' method. Jenifer Greene offers a few ways that can be given focus when using methods that combine qualitative and quantitative means - honouring the context and complexity of the study to provide "meaningfulness or how people make sense of their actions and interactions with others in particular times and places" (Greee 2007,p28). Another article of interest to how "practitioners have something unique and different to offer qualitative research". In qualitative research, the researcher is the main research instrument. Therefore, they play a very important role in determining the orientation as well as the quality of the data collected and reported. However, being "self-as-instrument" brings with too many issues regarding bias as well as the validity of data. Julienne Meyer and her friends share their experiences about processes, issues and challenges they faced when engaged in action research. In their paper, they suggested that practitioners use themselves in ways that are different from other qualitative researchers ...so that they can offer something unique and different to qualitative research. Based on two research studies, Green and Bowden add to the offering with their article that contrast pure and developmental phenomenographic research. In their article, you will get a step-by-step guide to plan and implement a developmental phenomenographic study. Often when we conduct qualitative research, we will undergo episodes or events that engage our emotions, thinking as well as our experience with regards to the experience of the participants that we are observing. However, in Qualitative Research reporting, we find it difficult to report issues that are linked to self even if these issues are those that we are researching. Caroline Ellis in her article presents autoethnographic stories from her life experience and research. She also discusses the issues that arise in doing intimate and caring ethnography. She also provides suggestions on ways to think and respond to the concern of including our vulnerable selves and connection to others in our report. This issue ends with a book review by Moses Samuels. A Case for a Case presents the author's experience in conducting a qualitative case study. In conclusion. We believe that this 2nd issue has managed to combine strong and interesting articles that will enhance our understanding and commitment towards qualitative research both from the theoretical as well as the operational aspects. The Editorial Board January 2009 Table of Contents: Download Full Journal Analysing Qualitative Data: More Than 'Identifying Themes' Pg 6-22 Pat Bazeley Honouring Context and Complexity in Mixed Methods Social Inquiry Pg 23-34 Jennifer C. Greene Doing Qualitative Research as a Practitioner: Processes' Issues and Challenges Pg 35-51 Julienne Meyer, Helen Noble, Cherry Kilbride, Cheryl Holman, Jackie Bridges Principles of Developmental Phenomenography Pg 52-70 Pam Green, John A Bowden Composing Emotional, Evocative and Literary Ethnography Pg 71-82 Carolyn Ellis A Case for a Case: A Qualitative Research Experience Pg 83-85 Mohd Sofi Ali Previous Next

MJQR Vol 5_1 < Back MJQR VOL. 5 (1), May 2019 Preface Although there is a growing acceptance of qualitative studies, there is no widely accepted set of ideas in regard to the use of a theoretical framework to guide the inquiry. Lack of available conceptual maps provided by theoretical frameworks, and the qualitative “black box” tradition all contribute to a dearth of methodological guidance in such studies. The first article on: Lecturer, student and patient’s experience toward Simulated Patient programme, uses the Theory of Interpersonal Communication (Dainton and Zelly,2005) as an example to explain the utility of a theoretical framework in conceptualizing a study, making design decisions such as sampling and recruitment, collecting and analyzing data, and data interpretation. According to Chou, Tu and Huang (2013), story makes the implicit explicit, the hidden seen, the unformed formed, and the confusing clear. Our success as researchers, and the legacy of our work, depends not on our ability to analyze and number-crunch but on how we craft stories which resonate with our audience. It is only then that data becomes insight, becomes ideas, and becomes action. Thus, Yee presents a welcoming and timely paper on: The value of stories in qualitative interviews: Using narrative inquiry as a methodology. The paper offers an overview of the method of narrative inquiry and explores competing trends in the use of the approach. It not only examines the theories relating to the method but also advocate capitalizing on the stories participants tell during qualitative interviews. In so doing, this paper demonstrates the value of stories and narratives in facilitating the goal of research using qualitative interviews to gain considerable depths, and a contextual appreciation of the social phenomena under investigation. Thus, Yee presents a welcoming and timely paper on: The value of stories in qualitative interviews: Using narrative inquiry as a methodology. The paper offers an overview of the method of narrative inquiry and explores competing trends in the use of the approach. It not only examines the theories relating to the method but also advocate capitalizing on the stories participants tell during qualitative interviews. In so doing, this paper demonstrates the value of stories and narratives in facilitating the goal of research using qualitative interviews to gain considerable depths, and a contextual appreciation, of the social phenomena under investigation. In the third article by Low, I ask you to consider the entire research process as a reflexive exercise which provides answers to the question: 'What is going on in the methods?' I believe that if the research process is well sign-posted, the readers will be able to travel easily through the worlds of the participants and will find this paper a useful reference, particularly those interested in deploying the grounded theory approach in healthcare research. The final article by Nooriha adopts a qualitative research approach on the issue of car lease swap among the car lease dealers, car owners and third parties (buyers) in Malaysian context. This qualitative research enables the questions of how and why people used car leased swap mechanism to obtain their desired car. From the findings the author recommended further research should be conducted with relevant government agencies as well as other appropriate parties involved in investigating the issues of this car lease swap. We hope that these articles will provide you with further insight into the various qualitative research designs, its practices and outcome. More importantly we hope that MJQR is able to provide readings that can serve as useful reference and platform for sharing and discussing qualitative research. Khatijah Lim Abdullah EDITOR IN CHIEF 2019 ________________________________________________________ Chou, M.J., Tu,Y.C. & Huang, K.P. (2013). Confucianism and character education: a Chinese view. J Soc Sci, 9 (2) pp. 59-66 Dainton, M. & Zelly, E.D. (2005). Applying communication theory for professional life: a practical introduction. USA: SAGE. Table of Contents: MJQR_01-04 Editorial Board & Preface Lecturer, Student and Patient’s Experience Toward Simulated Patient Programme: “We All Play A Role” Goh Lay-Khim, Yee Bit-Lian Pg 5 - 16 The Value of Stories in Qualitative Interviews: Using Narrative Inquiry as a Methodology Jeffrey Yee Khong Loong Pg 17 - 27 A Study on Patient's Decision-Making Process in Deciding Treatment Strategies: An Illustration of Using Grounded Theory Approach Low Lee Lan, Tong Seng Fah, Low Wah Yun Pg 28 - 40 Car Lease Swap Business: Its Mechanism and Owner’s Choice in Malaysia Nooriha Abdullah, Mohd Faizol Rizal Mohd Rashid, Nurhafizah Norman @ Zakaria Pg 41 - 49 Becoming a Mother in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Khatijah Lim Abdullah Pg 50 - 63 Previous Next

MJQR Vol 6_1 < Back MJQR VOL. 6 (1), May 2020 Table of Contents: A Case Study of Private Higher Education Institutions in Conforming to the Malaysian Education Blueprint 2015-2025 (Higher Education) Teik Aun, Wong, Tze Chin, Ong, Su Fern, Tan & Jin Yao, Koay pg 5 - 17 Specialist Retention in Sabah: A Qualitative Study Lim Ming Yao, Teong Win Zee pg 18 - 28 Document Analysis on Literature of the Industry 4.0 Workforce Requirement Ilyana Janis, Aini Nazura Paimin, Maizam Alias pg 29 -43 Problem-Setting and Problem-Solving in Reflexive Dialogical Action Research Using Metaphors Christy P. Gomez pg 44 - 54 The Effectiveness of Word-of-mouth as a Marketing Tool in the Medical Tourism Industry in Malaysia: Challenges and the Way Forward Norzayana Yusof, Herwina Rosnan pg 55 - 67 Applying Phenomenology: Utilising 'Point of View' as Avenue to Reconcile Philosophy with Social Research Chong Su Li pg 68 - 75 Human Resource Management Practices and Innovation in Network Collaboration of SMEs Food Manufacturing Sector Hasmayarie Hisham, Siti Sarah Omar, Muazam Ali pg 76 - 86 Mind Mapping Technique to Facilitate Writing Performance Divinish, U., Vighnarajah pg 87 - 95 University’s Entrepreneurial Ecosystem and Involvement of Students in Entrepreneurial Activities: A Case of Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) Fauziah Miskam, Siti Sarah Omar, Haris Md Noor, Anim Zalina Azizan, Mohd Yussni Hashim, Norsaleha Ali, Khadijah Md Ariffin, Ahmed Saleh Ahmed Al-Shameri, and Fazian Hashim pg 96 - 106 Enriching Students’ Learning Experience and Classroom Enrichment Using Online Classroom Games Idaya Husna Mohd, Tuan Badrol Hisham Tuan Besar, Sharizan Sharkawi pg 107 - 116 Previous Next

The Malaysian Journal of Qualitative Research (MJQR) is a peer-reviewed, open-access academic journal dedicated to the dissemination of high-quality research using qualitative methods. Indexing Read More Index_Page The Malaysian Journal of Qualitative Research (MJQR) is an open-access, online journal currently indexed in SCOPUS, MyCite, Crossref, Google Scholar , and EBSCO . MJQR is a double-blind, peer-reviewed journal that focuses on methodological issues, innovations, and insights in qualitative or mixed methods studies. MJQR is published twice a year in May and November. It is owned and published by the Qualitative Research Association of Malaysia (QRAM) . MJQR prohibits any commercial use of articles published in this journal.

Since 2019, MJQR is published two times a year - May & November. From 2007 to 2018, MJQR was published once every two years. Author Guidelines for Submission Template for Paper Submission Checklist Responsibilities Manuscript Submission Workflow Read More Author_Page Guidelines for Submission Download the Guidelines for Submission Guidelines for Submission Template for Paper Submission Download the Template TEMPLATE Checklist Download the Checklist File Checklist FIle Responsibilities Responsibilities of Authors: Researchers/ authors should clearly describe the title to reflect the research done. The method of study should be clearly described, including how data was obtained and the ethical considerations conducted. The results should be clearly explained and discussed honestly, and without fabrication, falsification, or inappropriate data manipulation. The study should be original , not plagiarised, and has not been published elsewhere. Authors are only allowed to publish their manuscript elsewhere after receiving a formal rejection from the editor(s) or if their request to withdraw their work is accepted by MJQR in a written reply. Authors can use appropriate software to check for similarities with existing literature and must be reported as it is when submitting the manuscript. Authors are required to retain the raw data in connection with a paper for a reasonable time after publication to provide for editorial review should it be required. Authors should submit manuscripts on work that has been conducted ethically and responsibly and complies with all relevant legislation. Authors should disclose all sources of financial support for their research in their manuscript, including another substantive conflict of interest that might be construed to influence the results or interpretation of their manuscript. Authorship of the manuscript should be limited to those who have made a significant contribution to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the reported study. Authors should ensure that all co-authors have seen and approved the final version of the paper and have agreed to its submission for publication. Submitted manuscripts that have been found to have been produced by commercial entities (e.g., fake-paper factories, "paper mills") or artificial intelligence (AI) content generators will be rejected. These authors will be barred from future submissions. The corresponding author is the sole person who assumes the main responsibility of communicating with MJQR during the submission process, throughout peer review, and during publication. He/ she must be identified in the author information section (*) of the manuscript. The corresponding author is also responsible for ensuring that the submission adheres to all journal requirements including, but not exclusive to, details of authorship, study ethics and ethics approval, clinical trial registration documents, and conflict of interest declaration. The corresponding author should also be available post-publication to respond to any arising queries or critiques. Authors should ensure that the manuscripts submitted have not been described in more than one journal or primary publication. When a significant error or inaccuracy in his/her own published work occurs, the author must promptly notify the journal editor or publisher and cooperate with the editor to retract or correct the paper. Authors must ensure that those who have made significant contributions to the research are listed as co-authors . The current institutional affiliations and email of all authors must be stated in the manuscript. Those who have participated in certain substantive aspects of the research project should be acknowledged or listed as contributors. Authors should ensure that the manuscript has been proofread (a certificate of proofreading is required) before the final submission for publication. Authors should ensure that the English spelling used in the submitted manuscript is either entirely in American English or British English. Authors should ensure that the manuscript has the following statements at the end of the manuscript: Author Declaration, Acknowledgement, Conflict of Interest and Declaration Statement. Authors need to ensure that the Author Submission Guide has been strictly adhered to before submitting to MJQR. Manuscript Submission Workflow Download the PDF file for the Manuscript Submission Workflow. Manuscript Submission Workflow

The Malaysian Journal of Qualitative Research (MJQR) is a peer-reviewed, open-access academic journal dedicated to the dissemination of high-quality research using qualitative methods. Awards Best Paper Award Read More Awards_Page Best Paper Award MJQR Best Paper Award The MJQR Best Paper Award is an esteemed recognition by the Malaysian Journal of Qualitative Research (MJQR) designed to motivate authors to contribute high-quality research to our journal. This award celebrates exemplary research that advances knowledge in qualitative research and reflects MJQR’s commitment to academic excellence. Award Criteria Best Papers are selected based on the following criteria: Originality – Papers should offer new insights or approaches within the field of qualitative research, adding meaningful contributions to existing knowledge. Robustness of Methodology – The research design and methods should be thoroughly detailed, showcasing rigor and appropriateness for the research questions. Quality of Analysis and Discussion – Papers should present a clear, in-depth analysis with insightful discussion, effectively interpreting findings in the context of the study’s objectives and broader implications. Impact and Implication – The study should have relevance and applicability, providing implications for practice, policy, or future research in qualitative methodologies. Language and Writing Style – Submissions should demonstrate clarity, coherence, and professionalism in language, adhering to the high standards of academic writing. The MJQR Best Paper Award is an annual accolade that encourages authors to submit their finest work, contributing to the journal’s overall impact and academic standing. This award will be presented at the biennial International Qualitative Research Conference (IQRC) . Best Paper Award 2023 Dr. Wan Safuraa Binti Wan Osman from Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) has been awarded the MJQR Best Paper Award 2023/2024 by the Qualitative Research Association of Malaysia (QRAM) and the MJQR editorial team. Her paper, “Understanding Students’ Malleable Reality: The Influence of Cognitive Dissonance on L2 Postgraduate Students’ Dissertation Writing,” published in the Malaysian Journal of Qualitative Research (MJQR), Volume 9(1), May 2023, was recognised for its strong use of qualitative methodology and its significant contribution to the research field. The award was presented at the International Qualitative Research Conference (IQRC) 2025, where Dr. Safuraa received an NVivo software license worth RM3,000 and a certificate of excellence. Best Paper Award 2022 The Best Paper Award, presented during IQRC 2023, was won by Dr Maria Mohd Ismail, from the Faculty of Business and Economics, University Malaya for her paper published in MJQR Vol 8(2), November 2022 entitled “A Framework of Collective Transport Planning: Case Study of Local Districts in Kelantan, Malaysia”. She received an NVivo software worth RM3000 (courtesy of Statswork, Malaysia) and a certificate for the award. MJQR Best Paper Awards was presented during the International Qualitative Research Conference (IQRC) 2023. Best Paper Award 2021 Dr Jim Chai from the University of Nottingham has worked as a hospital clinical pharmacist and a community pharmacist before taking up a lectureship. His PhD research was on ‘Patients’ Lived Experience of Using Insulin Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Management. He is currently an assistant professor within the Division of Social Research in Health and Medicine at the School of Pharmacy, the University of Nottingham Malaysia campus. His main research and teaching interests are public health, health literacy, patients’ experiences of taking medicines, research methodology, and education advancement. MJQR Best Paper Awards was presented during the International Qualitative Research Conference (IQRC) 2021. Outstanding Reviewer Award 2020 Best Reviewer Award 2020 The ‘MJQR Outstanding Reviewer Award’ is an initiative by MJQR to acknowledge and recognize reviewers who have provided exemplary assistance in verifying authors’ research work through critical engagement before the publication of an article. Outstanding Reviewers are those who provide timely, quality, and constructive feedback to authors who have submitted manuscripts to MJQR. One Outstanding Reviewer will be selected from each MJQR issue and will be awarded the MJQR Outstanding Reviewer Award 2020 during the International Qualitative Research Conference 2021 (IQRC 2021) in October 2021. Manfred Mortell (PhD) is currently an Assistant Professor, at the University of the Bahamas, Nassau, Bahamas. He was previously attached as an Associate Professor at the Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), Kuching Malaysia, and earlier at King Fahad Hospital, Nursing Services, Centre of Nursing Education. King Abdul Aziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. His most recent publication [Nova Publishing NY, June 2020] is a book, titled, "A Theory for Patient Advocacy: An Islamic Nursing Model". His most current project [YouTube, August 2020], concerns online education, titled “Dr Manny YouTube Learnshops”. He has also published numerous articles in various journals, including the British Journal of Nursing, Journal of the Saudi Heart Association, International Journal of African Nursing Sciences, Malaysian Journal of Nursing, Singapore Nursing Journal, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, and many more. He has been reviewing papers submitted for publication in MJQR since 2018 and has diligently been prompt and comprehensive in his review.

The Malaysian Journal of Qualitative Research (MJQR) is a peer-reviewed, open-access academic journal dedicated to the dissemination of high-quality research using qualitative methods. Publication Ethics Publication Ethics Plagiarism Artificial Intelligence (AI) Policy Read More Publication_Page Publication Ethics The Malaysian Journal of Qualitative Research establishes rules for ethical practices and guidelines that authors, reviewers, and editors should understand and adhere to. Below are the practices and guidelines: 1. Research Ethics When submitting a manuscript on human subjects, the authors should have obtained approval from their respective research ethics committees and stated in their manuscripts. The authors should have ensured the research reported in their manuscripts has been carried out in an ethical manner. In the manuscript, the name of the research ethics committee, its respective organisation, and the approval number should be stated. If there is no ethical approval, the authors should be able to explain the reasons why they did not obtain ethical approval and how the research ethics were assured. 2. Declaration of Helsinki All research processes that are presented in the manuscripts must have been performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Authors who submit their manuscripts to the Malaysian Journal of Qualitative Research are considered to have agreed and complied with the Declaration of Helsinki. 3. Funding There should be a statement in the manuscripts in the Acknowledgment to indicate the funding sources. If there is no funding, a declaration should be made. 4. Conflict of Interest The authors should declare a conflict of interest (if any) when submitting their manuscripts. The reviewers (including editors) should declare a conflict of interest (if any) before agreeing to review the manuscripts. Unpublished materials disclosed in a submitted manuscript must not be used in an editor's own research without the express written consent of the author. 5. Publication Decisions The Editorial members of the Malaysian Journal of Qualitative Research are responsible for deciding which of the articles submitted to the journal should be published. The validation of the work in question and its importance to researchers and readers must always drive such decisions. The editors may be guided by the policies of the journal's editorial board and constrained by such legal requirements as shall then be in force regarding libel, copyright infringement and plagiarism. The editors may confer with other editors or reviewers in making this decision. 6. Data and Reproducibility The Malaysian Journal of Qualitative Research does not request the authors to store and make their research data available on an open-access platform. However, according to standard practice in their disciplines, the authors are encouraged to provide their research data upon reasonable requests from the readers and authorities. 7. Authorship and Contributorship In accordance with the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors, the Malaysian Journal of Qualitative Research encourages authors to adhere to the following authorship criteria. Authorship should be based on the following 4 criteria: Substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work; AND Drafting the work or reviewing it critically for important intellectual content; AND Final approval of the version to be published; AND Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved. 8. Peer Review The Malaysian Journal of Qualitative Research is committed to the highest standards of peer review. After receiving a manuscript, an editor is assigned to assess the quality of the manuscript. If the manuscript is deemed suitable, it will be double-blind peer-reviewed by independent, anonymous experts. If the authors have submitted their manuscripts as preprints on an open-access platform, anonymity cannot be guaranteed. 9. Fair Play An editor at any time will evaluate manuscripts for their intellectual content without regard to race, gender, sexual orientation, religious belief, ethnic origin, citizenship, or ideology of the authors. 10. Confidentiality The editor and any editorial staff must not disclose any information about a submitted manuscript to anyone other than the corresponding author, reviewers, potential reviewers, other editorial advisers, and the publisher, as appropriate. 11. Appeals and Complaints The Malaysian Journal of Qualitative Research follows the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidelines on appeals and complaints on manuscript reviews, revisions, rejections, and acceptance. The authors should write their genuine appeals and complaints on the editorial decision and present their arguments with evidence in response to the editorial decision to the Editor-in-Chief (qram.journal@gmail.com ). After receiving the appeal, the Editor-in-Chief will chair the investigation process and make appropriate decisions with selected editorial board members, who do not have prior relationships with the authors involved. The Editor-in-Chief may decide to reject or accept the manuscript, invite additional reviewers for the manuscript, or other decisions. All decisions on appeals and complaints are final. 12. Allegations of Misconduct Readers and authorities can report to the Editor-in-Chief (qram.journal@gmail.com ) allegations of misconduct on published articles – post-publication. The report should undergo real-name authentication, but the whistleblowers must not be revealed by the Malaysian Journal of Qualitative Research unless required by law. Editor-in-Chief will chair the investigation process and make appropriate decisions with selected editorial board members, who do not have prior relationships with the authors involved. The published articles may be retracted. The corresponding author of the manuscripts must be given an opportunity to provide explanations before any decision is made. Manuscripts that have been identified with misconduct will be rejected – pre-publication. The corresponding author of the manuscripts must be given an opportunity to provide explanations before any decision is made. 13. Retraction of a Published Article The Malaysian Journal of Qualitative Research can consider retracting a published article if there are serious concerns about scientific methods or the integrity of the article post-publication. The decision to retract a published article will be made in accordance with the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidelines. MJQR Editor-in-Chief will chair the investigation process and make appropriate decisions with selected editorial board members who do not have prior relationships with the authors involved. The journal will issue retractions if: There is clear evidence that the findings are unreliable, either as a result of misconduct (e.g. data fabrication) or honest error (e.g. miscalculation or experimental error); The findings have previously been published elsewhere without proper cross-referencing, permission, or justification (i.e. cases of redundant publication); It constitutes plagiarism, and it reports unethical research. The journal will issue errata if: A small portion of an otherwise reliable publication proves to be misleading (especially because of honest error); The author list is incorrect (i.e., a deserving author has been omitted, or somebody who does not meet authorship criteria has been included). * There is a failure to meet clear ethical and legal requirements, such as misrepresentation of interests, breach of confidentiality, lack of informed consent and abuse of research subjects or materials. Misconduct also includes improper dealing with infringements, such as attempts to cover up misconduct and reprisals on whistle-blowers. 14. Handling of Unethical Publishing Behaviour In cases of alleged or proven scientific misconduct, fraudulent publication or plagiarism, the publisher, in close collaboration with the editors, will take all appropriate measures to clarify the situation and to amend the article in question. This includes the prompt publication of an erratum, clarification or, in the most severe case, the retraction of the affected work. The publisher, together with the editors, shall take reasonable steps to identify and prevent the publication of papers where research misconduct has occurred and under no circumstances encourage such misconduct or knowingly allow such misconduct to take place. 15. Corrections on a Published Article The Malaysian Journal of Qualitative Research can consider the author’s request to make corrections to their published articles, upon written request made to the Editor-in-Chief (qram.journal@gmail.com ). The corrections must be genuine (i.e., typos), and do not have concerns about scientific methods or integrity of the article post-publication. 16. Discussions on a Published Article The Malaysian Journal of Qualitative Research allows academic debate post-publication. Readers may write to the Editor-in-Chief (qram.journal@gmail.com ) to discuss publishing letters to the editor. 17. Intellectual Property The Malaysian Journal of Qualitative Research is an open-access journal. The authors are responsible and should have sought written permission from the copyright owners to publish any copyrighted materials in their manuscripts. Plagiarism Publication Ethics Guidelines for the Malaysian Journal of Qualitative Research (MJQR) on Plagiarism Plagiarism Policy MJQR holds high standards for integrity and originality in research publications. Authors must ensure that all sources and references are appropriately cited and that originality is maintained in their submissions. MJQR defines plagiarism as the uncredited use of others' words, sentences, figures, or ideas in any part of a manuscript. The following practices are prohibited and considered unethical: Plagiarism : Reproducing text, figures, or concepts from other works without appropriate attribution is strictly forbidden. Authors are required to cite sources where they are used, limiting any reuse of text and ensuring any reused wording is either attributed or placed in quotation marks. Self-Plagiarism : Publishing multiple papers with nearly identical content from the same authors is not allowed. Authors must avoid submitting overlapping or repetitive content without substantial contributions of new insights or findings. Duplicate Submission : Submitting the same manuscript or findings to more than one journal simultaneously is unacceptable. MJQR expects exclusivity in submissions, and any violation may result in rejection. Plagiarism Report Submission Authors are required to provide a plagiarism report, generated from any reputable plagiarism detection software, alongside their manuscript submission to MJQR. Manuscripts with a similarity index of 15% or above will not be accepted and will be immediately rejected without further review. If a manuscript is found to have plagiarized content, either from published or unpublished works of other authors, the manuscript will be rejected, and the authors may face sanctions. MJQR is committed to fostering an ethical research environment and expects all authors to adhere strictly to these guidelines to uphold academic integrity. Artificial Intelligence (AI) Policy The Malaysian Journal of Qualitative Research (MJQR) permits using AI generative tools for research and manuscript development under strict ethical guidelines. Authors must disclose any AI-generated content and ensure the authors critically evaluate it for accuracy and originality. AI tools should only be used to assist in data analysis, writing, or editing and cannot replace the intellectual contribution of the researcher. Authors are fully responsible for the integrity and ethical compliance of their submissions. Any misuse of AI tools will result in manuscript rejection or retraction. 1. Authors are encouraged to consult the journal editor before submitting papers related to the use of AI in their paper submission. 2. AI should not be identified as authors since they cannot control copyright and licensing agreements or take accountability for the submitted paper. 3. Any use of generative AI tools in the paper must be explicitly acknowledged. The full name of the tool, together with its version number, must be stated. This declaration needs to be in the Methods or Acknowledgments section of the paper submitted. 4. Any plan to use an AI tool should ensure that the tool is reliable and suitable for the intended use and that the terms that apply to the tool offer adequate security, confidentiality, and intellectual property rights protections. 5. Currently, MJQR does not allow the production and editing of photos, figures, or original research data using generative AI. Any feature that is added, hidden, moved, eliminated, or added to an image or figure is referred to as "manipulation." 6. Any use of generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in research should always be done under human supervision and in full transparency. 7. Authors should not submit papers that use generative AI technologies in ways that take the place of their primary roles as researchers and authors. For example as: the creation of writing or code without thorough editing, the creation of synthetic data without a sound approach to replace missing data, or the creation of any erroneous information, including extra materials or abstracts. 8. The following AI applications are allowed: (i) Idea generation and idea exploration (ii) Language improvement and enhancement (iii) Interactive online search with LLM-enhanced search engines (iv) Literature classification (v) Coding assistance 9. Authors should not submit research works in which they have substituted key researcher and author duties with the usage of generative AI technologies, such as the creation of writing or code without thorough editing, the creation of synthetic data without a sound approach to replace missing data and the creation of any erroneous information, including extra materials or abstracts. 10. Examples of Generative AI tools currently accepted include ChatGPT, Copilot, Gemini, Claude, NovelAI, Jasper AI, DALL-E, Midjourney, Runway, Quillbot, Grammarly, Jenny etc.